Improvement in ejectors



UNITED STATES NPATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM B. MACK, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN EJECTORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 139,799, dated June 10,1873; application tiled` l March 11, 1873.

To all whom it, may concern:

Be it known that I, 'WILLIAM B. MACK, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvementsin Injectors and Ejectors, of which the Vfollowing is a specitication:

Figure l of the accompanying drawing is a central longitudinal sectionof my improved injector or ejector.

' My invention relates to that class of steam injectors or ejectorswhich employ a. solid stem or spindle connected to a suitablesteamvalve, or arranged to work independently of Athe same. It consistsmainly in forming the stem with a concave tapering lower end, said stemoperating back and forth within a steam cone or tube, formed with adouble tapering inner periphery, and operating, by reason ot' thepeculiar shape of its lower end, to form a ring of steam along thecenter of the delivery-pipe, around which ring a vacuum is formed andthe water caused thereby to rush in through the supply-pipe surroundingthe ring of steam, condensing the same, and afterward being impelled tothe boiler by the force of the steam directed ou the point at which thesteam condenses all of which l will now proceed to describe.

In the accompanying drawing, A represents a steam cone or tube, formedat its lower extremity with a nozzle, a, having a central annularopening or mouth, and taper- `ing on the interior and exterior, at theangle and distance shown, outward and upward from.

the mouth of the nozzle a to the bottom of the body b of the cone ortube A, from which point b the interior periphery of the cone or tube Atapers outward and upward to thetop, at the angle shown. The upper ormain portion of the body of the steam-cone A is formed on the exteriorperiphery, at the top and bottom, with screw-threads c c', separated bya projectng band or collar, d, for the reception of an ordinary angle orother suitable steamvalve, B, which is screwed onto the top of the coneA, and to receive the top of a coinbiningcone or tube, C, the interiorperiphery of the upper portion of which is formed vwith screw-threadsthat engage with the lower screw-threads c of the steam-cone A. Thelower portion of the exterior periphery of the body of the` cone A,above the nozzle a, is

made of a smaller diameter than the upper ward a certain distance, atthe angle shown, 'toward the center of the body of the tube O,

which is formed with a longitudinal tapering passage, g', narrowing, atthe angle shown, toward the bottom ofthe cone or tube O,whicl1 is formedon the exterior with a lip or shoulder, f, that forms a seat for the topend of a delivery cone or tube, E, the upperinterior periphery ot' whichis formed with screw-threads that engage with. screw-threads formed onthe exterior of the lower portion of the cone O, the bottom of which isbeveled inward and downward toward its exit mouth. The deliverycone E isformed in the interior with vacuum-chamber h, and with acentrallongitudinal annular passage, g, tapering inward in its downwardextension, in continnation of the angle ofthe passage g of the tube Ofrom which passage it is separated by the vacuum chamber h, for acertain distance, where it begins to taper outward, at the angle shown,toward the bottom of the deliverycone E. Projecting from one side of thedelivery-cone E is .an overiiow-pipe,G, formed on the exterior with alip, lc. and screw# threads, which receive screw-threads formed on theinterior ot' a cap or cup, H, curved,

as shown at i, or otherwise suitably con` tracted at` `the end. j Thetop of the end of the overliow-pipe G is beveled on the interior to forma seat for a valve, l, which plays within the tube or pipe G, and whosestem l is supported 'by an annular bearing, m, connected with the cap H,and is provided with a spiral or other suitable spring, m', whose endsabut against the top of the valve l and the ring or bearing m. lo renderthe injector more perfeet in its operation, and available undercircumstances not otherwise possible, it is necessary that the lengths,diameters, and angles of the steam-cone A, and nozzle a, and thepassages g g g should be of the proper size,

inclination, and proportion, as shown. (lonnected with and operated by ascrew valvestem, o, arranged within the angle or other suitablesteam-valve B, or arranged to operate independently of the angle orother steamvalve, so as to be drawn back or carried forward within. thesteam-cone A, is a solid stem or spindle, n, whose termination nl isformed of the peculiar tapering shape shown, it-speriphery being concavefrom the shoulder at which the taper commences nearly to the end, theconcavity being such that if the stem were longer an enlargement of itsend would result. The end of the portion nl is not pointed, butterminates in a teat or pin, n2. The bot-tom ot' the stem n, above theportion nl, closely ts the mouth of the nozzle a, as shown.

The `stem is lrst withdrawn from the mouth of the nozzle sufficientlyfar to allow the steam to pass between the shoulder above the portion n1and the nozzle. The steam in its passage, being guided by the taperingnozzle, converges toward the point n2 of the stem, and is deectedslightly by the said concave p ,.rtion until it leaves the point n2 inthe-form of a hollow cylinder of steam, exactly in the center of thetube g', and rushing along the same produces a vacuum in the annularspace around it, exhausts the air from the tapering annular space g, andcauses the water from the tube D to rush in, fill the same, and passdownward into the ltube g', surrounding the ring or cylinder of steam,and condensing the same about at the point x. The stem n is now raisedstill further to admit an increased volume of steam through'the nozzle,the steam being still guided by the tapering portion nl, as before, andforming a hollow cylinder or steam-space in the water down the tube g',until it reaches the part where it becomes condensed, at which point itbears directly on the water and impels it toward the boiler togetherwith the water of condensation.

It will be seen that the shape of the portion nl is such as to guide thesteam in connection with the tapering nozzle a, as above described; andit will also be seen that the steam is kept in the center of the tube g,and not allowed to strike the sides of the same, no impediment beingoffered to its passa-ge. This condition is highly necessary in order toproduce a vacuum sufficient to draw the water from the supplytube, forit' the steam were allowed to impinge on the sides of thedelivery-tubepit would rebound, and its force become greatly weakened,and the possibility of forming a perfect va-r cuum precluded.Henceinjectors employing stems with simply conical or straight taperingends are liable to this objection. and it has been found by actualexperience that it is impossible to produce satisfactory results withstems of this form, while my form has been found to operate withas greatcertainty and as goodresults as any now in use.

By forming the interior of the upper portion or body of the steam-cone Aof a tapering form, a volume of steam is produced in the cone sufficientto prevent any Wiring or drawing at the point of exit; and by formingthe interior of the steam-nozzle a of' a tapering form, at the angleshown, when the stem is Araised to allow the passage ot' the steam itdirects the steam so as to follow the curved periphery of thestem-'termination nl, and causes it to converge toward the center of thepassage g, instead of being directed toward the sides of the passage, asit would be likely to do if the stem-termination was formed with astraight tapering periphery.I Moreover, by the arrangement of theconcave curved periphery of the stem-termination nl, in combination withthe construction and operation of the injector, as above described, theflow of the water and steam is so regulated as to impel or force theWater into the boiler without any adjustment of either of the cones ortubes, all though the steaml may vary from fifteen to one hundred andfifty pounds pressure to the square inch.

By forming the bottom of the delivery-colle E with a tapering interiorpassage, g, expanding outward toward its mouth, at the angle shown, theflow of the water is considerably facilitated during high and lowpressures of' steam.

By curving the overflow-cap or cup H, as shown, or otherwise contractingit toward its mouth, the waste-water is concentrated so as not to spreadand expand itself to the detriment ot' the machinery, to which the capis attached, while working.

By removing the delivery-cone E, which is readily done by unscrewing itfrom the combining-cone C, the remaining portion may be used as anejector.

Having thus fully described my improvements, what l claim as myinvention, and de'- sire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, 1s

In an injector or ejector, a solid stem or spindle, n, arranged tooperate back andA forth within a steam cone or' tube, A, and formed witha concave curved tapering termination, nl, substantially as and for thepurposes specied.

In testimony 'whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM B. MACK.

Witnesses:

CARROLL D. WRIGHT, SAML. Brimoiv.

